Abraham Wald facts
While investigating facts about Abraham Wald Planes and Abraham Wald Snopes, I found out little known, but curios details like:
In World War II, a few engineers wanted to reinforce the (returned) fighter planes where most of the bullet holes were. Mr. Abraham Wald then said: Let's reinforce them where no bullet holes are instead - because apparently, airplanes hit in these spots did NOT return.
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WWII aircraft designers had selection bias by analyzing returning planes to increase armor on the damaged areas. Abraham Wald pointed the craft didn't need the armor to survive, and proposed armor on the undamaged sections as hits to these areas must have destroyed the craft not returning.
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Mathematician Abraham Wald analyzed damaged bombers in WW2. He realized that the parts of the planes that were most often damaged were actually the LEAST vulnerable. Meanwhile, planes damaged at the MOST vulnerable spots would never return, so it was these spots that needed more armor.
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During WWII, statistician Abraham Wald was asked to decide where to add armor to bombers. Oddly, he recommended adding more armor to the places saw little recorded damage. Since all data came from surviving bombers, it told him where the planes could take damage without crashing.
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Abraham Wald saw this bullet pattern on returning WWII planes and decided to armor the spots with the fewest, reasoning that the planes with bullet holes there are the ones that did not return.
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Tasked to minimize bomber losses due to enemy fire, Abraham Wald looked at aggregated bullet damage and urged reinforcing armor on areas that weren’t hit as he surmised that undamaged areas were accounted for by bombers that didn’t return from their bombing runs and so were not counted in the data.
