Mongol Army facts
While investigating facts about Mongol Army Size and Mongol Army Tactics, I found out little known, but curios details like:
A baby prince from Khawarizam (Persia) was sold as a slave after the Mongols invaded their land and killed his family. He arrived in Egypt and rose among the ranks until he became king. He then lead the army and served the Mongols their biggest defeat in history.
how big was the mongol army?
A baby prince from the Khwarezmian Empire was sold as a slave after the Mongols invaded their land and killed his family. He arrived in Egypt and rose among the ranks until he became king. He then lead the army and served the Mongols one of their first major defeats in history.
What made the mongol army so successful?
In my opinion, it is useful to put together a list of the most interesting details from trusted sources that I've come across answering what weapons did the mongol army use. Here are 29 of the best facts about Mongol Army Organization and Mongol Army Ranks I managed to collect.
what were the two key features of the mongol army?
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Japan was invaded by the strong Mongol army TWICE, and both times were saved by harsh storms that crippled the Mongols. They called these storms "Kamikaze" or "Divine Winds"
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When the Mongol army was withering from the 14th century bubonic plague epidemic, they decided to catapult their infected corpses over city walls before invading. This is considered one of the first acts of biological warfare
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Genghis Khan wiped out an entire empire after they wrongly executed one of his trade caravans. The governor of a small town executed the Mongol traders under suspicion they were spies, and took their goods. Genghis responded by invading with an army of 200,000.
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A 10,000 man Mongol army was destroyed by Egyptian Mamluks after being fooled by a feigned retreat and getting surrounded, a tactic often used by the Mongol's themselves
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A Tumu crisis of 1449. A mongol army of 20,000 wiped out a force of 500,000 chinese imperial soldiers in one single battle. At the time that was about the entire population of the kingdom of Scotland
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Black Death pandemic spread in Eurasia when after a protracted siege, during which the Mongol army under Jani Beg was suffering the disease, catapulted the infected corpses over the city walls to infect the inhabitants, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people.
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About "Ivan the Cabbage," who formed an army of peasants in 1277, conquered Bulgaria in 1278, ruled as emperor in 1279, was deposed by the nobles in 1280, and fled to the Mongols who promptly executed him.
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In 1223, the Russian army suffered a devastating defeat against the invading Mongols and Tartars, it was partly because they had charged onto the battlefield drunk.
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During the Russian Civil War, a German baron raised a nomadic army and attempted to recreate the Mongol Empire: "All of Ungern’s favorite tortures were prominent in the hell scrolls of the Mongolian monasteries: exposure on the ice, burning alive, rending by wild beasts"
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The Mongol Empire from 1206 to 1405 was the largest contiguous empire in history. Started by Genghis Khan, their army was a well-organized killing machine and used brutal war tactics to subdue largely populated cities. It’s estimated that 30 million people were killed during their reign.
Why was the mongol army so successful?
You can easily fact check why was the mongol army incredibly mobile by examining the linked well-known sources.
Despite being surprised by a 30,000 man army during the Mongols third invasion of Poland, the Polish were able to repel the Mongols and inflict heavy casualties
In 1610 the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth captured Moscow which other than the Mongols is the only foreign army to successfully invade Russia - source
The Black Death, which killed 30-60% of the population of Europe, was reportedly spread to Europe as a result of an act of biological warfare. The infected Mongol army, during a siege of Kaffa, catapulted infected corpses into the city to infect the inhabitants, some of whom fled to Europe. - source
The Mongol military tactics and organization enabled the Mongol Empire to conquer nearly all of continental Asia, the Middle East and parts of eastern Europe. Each solider would cover up to 100 miles per day, which was unheard of by other armies of the time.
The Battle of Kulikovo, 1380: After decades of subjugation to the Mongols and Tartars a bloody victory was won by an army made up of the various Russian Principalities. Historians believe it marks the decline of the Golden Horde and the beginning of the modern Russian state - source
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In 1241, Mongol general Subotai destroyed the armies of Hungary and Poland within two days of each other, with forces over five hundred kilometers apart.
How large was the mongol army?
The second Mongol invasion of Hungary (1285) was a complete disaster compared to the first, and that the Hungarians used a greater number of knights, castles, and crossbowmen to nearly annihilate the Mongol army.
The Battle of Legnica, where Polish and other Eastern European forces were almost entirely annihilated by a Mongol army in modern day south-west Poland. It came after a nomadic people, the Cumans, sought sanctuary in Hungary after being defeated by the Mongols.
The Black Death was first introduced to Europe in Crimea after the Mongol army catapulted infected corpses over city walls.
In 1277 a Bulgarian peasant called Ivaylo "The Cabbage" defeated both the Mongols and the Byzantine armies to become Emperor of Bulgaria.
The Mongol army was organized in deciminaly and executed a squad of 10 if they failed to rescue a single captured comrade or if one charged boldy into battle and the rest did not follow, the other 9 were likewise slain.
