Fire Moss facts

While investigating facts about Fire Moss Vale and Fire Mossel Bay, I found out little known, but curios details like:

Fire moss produces short, thread-like leafy structures that are spread when the humidity is high (they are twisted during dry periods of year).

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Fire moss belongs to the group of nitrophilic plants. It thrives on soils that are enriched with nitrogen (polluted areas and areas cleared with fire).

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In my opinion, it is useful to put together a list of the most interesting details from trusted sources that I've come across. Here are 15 of the best facts about Fire Moss Vale Nsw and Fire Mossy Point I managed to collect.

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1. Fire moss contains several pigments that determine the color of the stalks. Young, immature stalks are green colored. Mature stalks are red-colored.

2. Fire moss can survive up to 10 years in the wild.

3. Springtails are arthropods which often nest in the female fire moss plants (they are attracted by specific odor). These animals facilitate fertilization of fire moss (similar to insects which are responsible for the pollination of flowering plants).

4. Capsules of fire moss are equipped with peristome teeth, structures which facilitate gradual dispersal of spores.

5. Fire moss grows by developing new "branches" on top of already existing ones.

6. Fire moss reproduces via division of a thread-like mass of filaments known as protonema (vegetative reproduction) or via spores (generative reproduction).

7. Fire moss forms dense, cushion-like mats on the ground. Its miniature stems can reach 0.5 inches in height.

8. Sporophyte reaches maturity after 3 to 6 months. It produces long, fruit stalks called setae equipped with capsules filled with spores. Changes in the humidity of the air, usually during the late spring, induce release of spores from the capsules. Released spores germinate and develop into gametophytes, and cycle starts all over again.

9. Fire moss that inhabits Antarctica uses pigments to protect its fragile stems from destructive UV radiation.

10. Scientific name of fire moss is Ceratodon. It originates from Latin word "cerato" which means "horn-shaped". Name refers to the horn-like peristome teeth on the capsules.

What is true about fire moss?

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Spores of fire moss are able to germinate after 16 years of dormancy.

Fire moss requires moisture for the successful fertilization. Under adequate weather conditions, sperm cells swim toward archegonia to fertilize the eggs. Fertilized eggs develop into new generation of fire moss called sporophyte.

Life cycle of fire moss consists of two phases: gametophyte and sporophyte. Gametophyte generation develops from a spore. Fire moss is dioicous species (male and female reproductive structures develop on individual plants). Fire moss produces archegonia (female reproductive structures) and antheridia (male reproductive structures) on separate, green, leafy structures.